He has a brother named Adenulphus who later on in life served as the rector of Anagni, while Ugolino himself was educated in Paris and per known tradition, Bologna. He tended to treat all those accused as guilty until proven innocent and threatened all those who would not confess with the flames. But this means that a papal bull that didnt tell people to wipe out cats and was only sent to Mainz somehow influenced the majority of people throughout Europe to kill off all their cats, and to stick to it over the course of the next 115 years. Its a little school in England that was established in the year 1096. no- blood dives; you are 100% wrong, irrational clearly an agnostic who mocks then defends his false god, the pope- also, review another diatribe from papal high tower urging cats killed-clearly minions of satan, word cat not in catholic bible problem is, what did david kill as shepherd attacking his sheep? One small fact you havent taken account of here. It also provided a remarkably full account of their Satanic rite. Its true that paper cutouts of these furry creatures make nice imagery at Halloween parties. So Gregory began to formalize and promote practices that formed the basis of the later medieval inquisition. Gregory IX (Wikimedia Commons) Pope Gregory IX was a pretty good pope by medieval standards. Did Pope Gregory's comfort with the law cause him to overstep his station as the pope? 1958 China Chairman Mao and the great leap forward he had designs on wiping out the four evils But some of their adversaries do. There is little real evidence for this. The purpose of Vox in Rama, rather, was to condemn a cult that had allegedly popped up in the Rhinelandand the bull was specifically sent to the city of Mainz. Its funny thinking about cats as the symbol of evil. People like to dump on the Middle Ages for being Europes cultural and technological nadir, especially compared to the surrounding Classical and Renaissance periods. Pope Benedict died Dec. 31, 2022, at the age of 95 in his residence at the . In the fourth century, a Christian monk named Evagrius Ponticus wrote down what's known as the "eight evil thoughts": gluttony, lust, avarice, anger, sloth, sadness . Which brings us back to Pope Innocent VIIIs 1484 declaration that the cat was the devils favourite animal and idol of all witches., The cat was the devils favourite animal and idol of all witches. Pope Innocent VIII. some particularly superstitious believers seized on the idea that the black cats were servants of Satan. (2007, September 1). And thats because its body is invested with the spirit of the Morning Star himself. The Nazcacat geoglyphwas only discovered last October. Since the ninth century AD, the Canon Episcopi of the Catholic Church had deemed belief in witchcraft to be a heresy in itself. He informed the Pope of his findings. Public Domain. Writing is my first love. A 'bulla' is the seal on the papal bull. While there appears to be no evidence that Pope Gregory IX ever told people to kill cats, there have been smaller historical examples of Medieval folks killing cats for weird reasons. Eventually, the ItalianRenaissance would put this so far in the rearview, all we could think about wasfrilly collars. That evil came to be neatly personified in the form of black cats that were beaten to death to purge the new season of evil spirits. DeAgostini/Getty Images. The cat thing is a footnote in his story. Gregory IX approved the Northern Crusades of the Teutonic Order, the purpose of which was the baptism of the Baltic pagan peoples, and which led to the attempts of the Catholic colonialists to seize the lands of Pskov and Novgorod principalities. you suck; F-; see edict ex cathadre by a subsequent POPE reversing greggy 9s cat condemnation- also, Y-Perstis fleas only and I mean ONLY like rats; why? But still, cultural images of cats being a marker of femininity didnt sprout fromVogue,any more than the idea that cats are plain evil stem fromSports Illustrated. He also became the first Pope to appoint inquisitors to actively root out such heretics. (Ive decided not the repost the link here). Your writing is comical! This is mainly because the black plague ravaged Asia before it goes on its way to Europe. In my home, I use cat statuettes as bookends, and have various other representations of these felines throughout my home. To think that all this fuss is over cats. Once the lights came back on, from a dark corner, the figure of a man emerges. This man was Lucifer, who the whole company firmly believed to have been wronged by God. I suppose its possible that Vox in Rama simply set the stage for a cat-killing trend that would, generations later, result in the Black Death. You can say that Im addicted to it. The population of Europe drops from 80 million to around 30 million by the time the black death subsides, some cities even saw a decrease of more than 70% of their population, few, such as a village called Quob, lost their entire population. With this thought in mind, I spent two years at CIA, where I was a supervisor in the Public Communications Branch at the Office of Public Affairs. Pope Gregory IX (1147-1241) was probably the world's worst cat hater or at least he did the most damage to cats. Purina, the multinational firm known for making cat chow, notes that, Egyptians have had a long love affair with cats. Omniverous diet, free bleeders- cats and other mammals? Retrieved from https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/06/ravens-memory-unfair-trade/. His pontificate was notable for the papacy's attempts to intervene in the quarrels between Emperor Louis the Pious and his sons. Do you believe that cats are invested with the spirit of Mr. Morningstar. There were probably several strains of plague spreading through Europe. Retrieved from http://historycollection.co/thou-shalt-not-suffer-a-cat-to-live-why-pope-gregory-ixs-vox-in-rama-implicated-cats-in-devil-worship/, Gibbens, Sarah. The Black Plague did happen. If these furry creatures association with fictitious international criminals isnt enough, cats also have been linked to witchcraft: In the Middle Ages, women who owned black cats came under suspicion as did the cats, who were assumed to bewitches in disguise and were burned at the stake. (along with other predators including snakes, which had long since carried the label of being evil). This was seen as a critical time as the sixth crusade had recently been defeated in Damietta, Egypt. ALL ANIMALS ARE BEAUTIFUL, EVERY SPECIES KNOWN IS A JOY TO BEHOLD, EVERY ONE, RIGHT DOWN TO THE HIPPO, THE PIGS, EQUINES, PACHYDERMS , FELINES, CANINES, BOVINES. Where once these creatures had been common household animals, they were now regarded as dangerous, unpredictable and demonic. Consider a quote from Rastafari leader Haile Selassie; Throughout history it has been the inaction of those who could have acted, the indifference of those who should have known better, the silence of the voice of justice when it mattered most, that has made it possible for evil to triumph. Iz just as true during Dark Ages as iz now. Reigning during the Western Schism, he was opposed by the Avignon claimant Benedict XIII and the Pisan claimants Alexander V and John XXIII.Gregory XII wanted to unify the Church and . These new, heretical beliefs varied. "The whole story is one of those pseudo historical urban myths that keeps getting repeated despite the fact it's complete nonsense. Guess what? Once the initial hysteria died down, cats, like the would-be witches were left alone for a time, giving them time to repopulate- and remained prolific enough to continue to be culled. Henry was acquitted when he appealed to the bishop of Mainz and later that year Marburg himself was mysteriously murdered- probably at Henrys behest. While the fact is pretty obscure on whether the papal bull is directly influenced by Konrad, he is known as a zeal that is set on to burn every last heretic. I have no idea where you get the idea that cats place is in the wild. 1999. As mentioned, this Pope initiated what has been described as the feline Holocaust 3 in Europe. As I understand it, people used small dogs for rat hunting. If the Nazca thought enough of cats to etch a 37-meter geoglyph of one into the mountain that persists 2,000 years later, they must have thought highly of them. February 8, 2013. The nauseating details of the cult initiation process plunge Europe into a manhunt of felines a cathunt. While the papal bull was sent to several rulers such as Emperor Frederick II and King Henry of Germany, the central prominent figure that assumes that task very seriously is one Konrad von Marburg. Apparently snakes and scorpions were threats too. That was when Ugolino was over 80 years old. In the ensuing years huge numbers of cats (especially black cats) and even their owners were killed across Europe in fear that they were evil witches and linked to Satan. The Black Death or Black Plague was the original zombie apocalypse. That is the well-accepted history, but is it really true? Pope Gregory IX was a pretty good pope by medieval standards. Ive written before about whycats are strange including the reasons cats like to walk all over you, knead you and are afraid of cucumbers. They not only killed rodents, hence less infected animals but they themselves are more likely to get bit for you, with their sweet tasting blood. cats were only interested in our rat infested granaries. On June 13, 1233, Pope Gregory IX instigated the first bull of his papacy: the Vox in Rama. Im not saying it was a great time to be alive, but it was a more complex time than people give it credit for. Even today, the Vatican still throws shade at cats. Locusts and every other kind because the sparrow not only ate grain but also insects the great 3 year famin followed and the official Chinese records showed 15 million people died of starvation but later studies done by experts from outside of China say the official numbers are fudged badly in an optimistic attempt to cover the true death toll of around 45 million plus some even say as high as 70 million!! On June 13, 1233, Gregory issued the Vox in Rama, an official papal decree declaring that Satan was half-cat and sometimes took the form of a cat during Satanic masses. The reforms were based on the suggestions of the Italian scientist Luigi Lilio, with some modifications by the Jesuit mathematician and astronomer Christopher Clavius. Further down the line, his influence grew larger and larger, and by 1217 he was named the papal legate and Honorius chief representative in Liguria and Tuscany. The Pope also gave Conrad carte blanche to deal with all heretics as he saw fit- including permission to disregard usual church rules. The truth is a little messy. Next the myth of toxoplasmosis! On March 19, 1227, 80-year-old cardinal Ugolino di Segni became Pope Gregory IX. They spread via trade boats. But this time, Pope Francis is focusing on all pets saying that people spend way too much money on furry friends. Pope Gregory XII (Latin: Gregorius XII; Italian: Gregorio XII; c. 1327 - 18 October 1417), born Angelo Corraro, Corario, or Correr, was head of the Catholic Church from 30 November 1406 to 4 July 1415. And each time it hit Europe again, it appears to have come from Asia. In any case, the various popes saw nothing wrong with burning heretics alive, so they already had a savage reputation. 10 Things To Know About Stephen Hawking, The World's Coolest Scientist, Mary Somerville: The Woman For Whom The Word "Scientist" Was Made, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch, six really weird pets that you could actually own. It came from was Asia, but it is still believed by many to have traveled on the backs of fleas living on rats. OVERPOPULATION OF HUMANS IS THE RUINATION OF THE PLANET. Theres a little bit about a cat in the third paragraph but what Gregory is really talking about here is a ritual carried out by a Satanic sect, as reported by an overzealous inquisitor named Conrad von Marburg. Lead bulla of Gregory IX. Some historians have forgiven the rats. In the meantime, accusations of witchcraft began to spread amongst the ordinary people, as a way of settling grudges or seizing property and cats began to be used as proof of satanic association. As a journalist, I spoke daily with public affairs officers who represented diverse government and corporate clients. Fewer cats, more rats, more fleas, and more plague. Pope Gregory IX (Source: les.tresors.de.lys.free.fr) And neither of these areas were parts of the Holy Roman Empire and thus subject to anything Pope Gregory IX might have said (but didnt) about a no-cats policy. As hysteria increased, the rat population boomed and the Black Plague began to spread out of control. When I graduated college,I began living my own dream as a reporter for a news media outlet. The Bubonic plague was carried not by rats themselves but their fleas; fleas which could just as easily transfer to dogs- and cats. Thank you for your cooperation.You can sign-up to the Membership any time to remove the adds and enjoy the content with no interruptions, 2 popes and a plague are to blame for burning felines at the stake. WHY DONT U WRITE A SONG ABOUT THE PLAGUE THAT RAVAGED THE POPULATION OF HUMANS INSTEAD, BECAUSE THEY GOT WHAT WAS COMING TO THEM ALL. The few versions of this story that bother to give anything like some substantiation claim that cats were declared servants of evil by Pope Gregory IX in 1232 or even that he declared that they should all be killed. Here are our sources? Both rats and pigeons would make a great next plague material though, The bull does not, however, dictate that Catholics across Europe kill all cats to stop Satan Islam doesnt tell Muslims to kill pigs but they still chase and try to kill one by kicking and hitting if they see it on the street because they believe it is evil and forbidden. With Halloween is around the corner, Chairman Meow is reminded of a time hundreds of years ago when similar institutional dogma helped fuel the outbreak of The Black Plague across Europe, leading to the (ignorant) mass killing of cats in the 14th century. The cat had obtained a darker connotation through its association with Galinthias, who became a servant of Hecate, a Greek goddess of the underworld after she was turned into a cat by the goddess Hera. I get why we have dogs. And whatever else fleas like to nosh on.8. Like a lot of other myths about history from the Middle Ages, the idea that Europeans wiped out cats and then paid for it with the Black Death makes more sense the less you think about it. The fleas just love cat blood so much more than ours. Thus, purported heretics, such as the Cathars and Waldensians, were accused of worshipping cats, according toMedievalists.net. People living during this time lived in constant fear of death. https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/learn/histories/eight-witchcraft-myths/. NASA is launching the DNA of some of the most prolific presidents in US history, The 1985 story of a bear that ate 77 pounds of Plabo Escobar's finest cocaine. But feline-human relations deteriorated sometime in the early 1230s (CE) when Pope Gregory IX issued a papal bull called Vox in Rama. As one might have predicted, thereafter, mass slaughters of cats blanked Europe. On January 23, 1229, he sent messages to Riga, Lubeck, Sweden, to Gotland with an appeal to begin . So, cats went from being the targets of pagan worship to Catholic contempt for these perceived similarities to the devil. By 1198 under the reign of his cousin, Pope Innocent III, Ugolino was named the cardinal deacon of St. Eustachius and quickly rose as one of the most prominent cardinals. He was born Ugolino di Conti but took the name Gregory when he becamethe pope. Though the Nazca Lines themselves werent discovered until 1926, when air travel started to become common, its been a World Heritage site since 1994, and is famous for its humming bird and astronaut geoglyphs. Id already discounted that idea. You literally cannot even be bothered to recall the NAMES of the people youre talking about. Many believed this was the end of the human race, and who could blame them? Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/event/Black-Death, Georgievska, Marija. But cats? But myths often transcend evidence, dont they? That was the first church document condemning black cats as instruments of satan. Reply . That misguided stereotype is why witches are still depicted with black cats to this day. Although the explicit heretic activities mentioned within the Vox in Rama do mention something about our feline friend, this doesn't mean that Gregory IX endorse cathunt. Good luck keeping cat population low for 500 years. (2017, June 6). 23 April 2018, Vox in Rama, Pope Gregory IX, uoregon.edu, Conrad of Marburg, Kevin Knight, Catholic Encyclopaedia, 2017, Was there a great Cat Massacre in the Middle Ages? But it starts to fall apart once you roll it around in the ol brainpan. What he did caused the persecution of domestic and stray cats for 500 years. (Accessed June 1, 2018). In the years ahead, feline-kind all across Europe saw their status slammed from a sacred and protected animal to a false idol. Retrieved from https://www.quora.com/Is-the-Vox-in-Rama-authentic-What-effects-did-it-have, Sheldon, Natasha. https://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/plague/factsheet.asp. https://owlcation.com/humanities/Cats-and-the-Black-Plague, https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/06/ravens-memory-unfair-trade/, http://historycollection.co/thou-shalt-not-suffer-a-cat-to-live-why-pope-gregory-ixs-vox-in-rama-implicated-cats-in-devil-worship/, https://www.quora.com/Is-the-Vox-in-Rama-authentic-What-effects-did-it-have, https://academic.oup.com/ehr/article-abstract/CXXII/498/1075/457108/The-Black-Death-in-Egypt-and-England-A-Comparative?redirectedFrom=fulltext, https://www.britannica.com/event/Black-Death, http://www.kattenstoet.be/en/page/497-511/the-cat-throwing.html, https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/learn/histories/eight-witchcraft-myths/, https://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/plague/factsheet.asp, Abee, Holle. Plague in Cats. The flea that bit humans was specific to the black rat anyway. Allegedly, people confess to Konrad that Luciferianism initiates goes through an initiation process that includes giant toad, pale man, and licking the bum of a backward walking-living statue of a black cat. In 2021, I dont think that most Catholics or people of other religious believe that cats are evil. So why not witches? I came just to quickly peruse the article in attempts to finally finding out whether or not there was validity to the Pope being the plausible cause of the Black Plague in hopes that he did indeed cause it, since today is Sunday and when I refuse to go to Church with my grandmother I could hit her with this, and it could be a legitimate reason for me not attending Church because the Pope caused millions of people to die from the Black Death/Plague, and I am in no support of mass killing. Name is important in the papacy as it is seen as a signal of how their reign is envisioned. Chairman Meow Says: Iz so awful that such a time occurred in our history. The Vox in Rama encouraged Conrad of Marburg to overreach himself and that same year he accused Henry II, Count of Sayn of taking part in satanic orgies. Your email address will not be published. In fact, the picture of a white Persian cat in Bond villain Ernst Blofelds lap is an indelible cultural image, as is that of the hairless cat that Dr. He believed that cats were evil creatures because they were related to Satan. Evil cradles in the Austin Powers franchise. The truth is that cats could not have prevented the black death. On June 13, 1233, the Pope issued the Vox in Rama to King Henry of Germany. This description created an image that was to be used for all future depictions of witches sabbats- and one that established the cat as a creature of the devil. The novice then feasted with the rest of the congregation, after which they assembled to pay homage to a black cat which emerged from a kind of statue which normally stands in the place where these meetings are held., The whole coven was required to kiss the cats behind, and once they had done this, a wild sexual orgy occurred. Answer: This looks like a job for History for Atheists! Not only that he founded the papal inquisition to prosecute heresy, but he also issues a papal bull a legal decree issued by a pope, designated as Vox in Rama that calls for crusades condemning the spread of heretics that follows Luciferianism in Mainz, Germany. Often fueled by a fear, individuals are often capable of doing illogical or terrible things as groups when given permission by authority figures. At first glance, these rites, with their orgies and obscenities seem to be deliberately far-fetched. As I learned at the Profs and Pints event, cats persist as a marker of femininity in the media and our language of pop culture. ps. Is the Vox in Rama authentic? Wierd Tales, Vol 36. Pope Gregory IX (1147-1241). Dogs are sweet but they dont really have that self respect that cats do. First the novice, then the master, then each one of the order who are worthy and perfect, kiss the cat on its buttocks. Is the Vox in Rama authentic? Sweet Home Alabama Lyrics: What Does Muscle Shoals Has Got the Swampers Mean? Such heresies could not be left unchecked to spread around the population and thus undermine the Churchs authority. I adore cats, they are so zen. According toSmithsonian Magazine, the Nazca geoglyphs may have been used for astrological, calendrical purposes as well as religious rituals to encourage rainfall and fertility. So a thing about the inquisition was that they would torture people to get confessions and such because that's a good way to make people say what you want to hear. Retrieved from https://www.thevintagenews.com/2017/02/06/in-the-middle-ages-devil-fearing-christians-killed-cats-which-carried-the-unintended-consequence-of-increasing-the-rat-population-and-the-spread-of-the-black-death/, Horrox, Rosemary. Medieval people were indeed superstitious (but so are modern people), and cats are great but, lets face ittheyre assh*les. Poor cats though. Plague. (Accessed June 1, 2018). Vermin did a number on harvests, but cats were natures perfect solution: they literally cant eat anything that isnt meat, which means that they pose no risk to the crops. Retrieved from https://owlcation.com/humanities/Cats-and-the-Black-Plague, Encyclopaedia Britannica. 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